Classification of Accumulator
According to different energy storage methods, accumulators can be divided into gravity-loaded (weight hammer), spring-loaded (spring) and gas-loaded.
The hammer type accumulator converts the pressure energy in the hydraulic system into gravitational potential energy and accumulates it by lifting the mass block loaded on the sealed piston. The advantages are simple structure and stable pressure; the disadvantages are that the installation is limited, it can only be installed vertically, it is not easy to seal, the mass inertia is large, and it is not sensitive. This type of accumulator is generally only used in stationary heavy hydraulic equipment.
The spring accumulator relies on the compression spring to convert the excess pressure energy in the hydraulic system into spring potential energy and store it, and release it when needed. It has simple structure and low cost. However, because the expansion and contraction of the spring is limited, and the expansion and contraction of the spring is not sensitive to pressure changes, and the vibration-absorbing function is poor, it is only suitable for small-capacity, low-pressure systems, or used as a buffer device.
Both the hammer type and the spring type accumulator have certain limitations in application, so they are rarely used. Gas-loaded accumulators are widely used at present.
The working principle of gas-loaded accumulators is based on Boyle's law. When in use, the accumulator is first filled with gas or nitrogen at a predetermined pressure. When the system pressure exceeds the internal pressure of the accumulator, the oil compresses the gas, converting the pressure energy in the oil into gas internal energy. When the system pressure is lower than the internal pressure of the accumulator, the oil in the accumulator flows to the external system under the action of high-pressure gas to release energy. Selecting the proper inflation pressure is the key to this type of accumulator. This type of accumulator can be divided into diaphragm type, piston type, air bag type and non-isolated type according to the structure.
Performance and Application Comparison of Various Accumulators
|
TYPE |
PERFORMANCE |
FUNCTION |
||||||||||
|
RESPONSE |
NOISE |
CAPACITY LIMITATION |
MAX. PRESSURE |
LEAKAGE |
TEMP. RANGE |
ENERGY STORAGE |
ABSORBS PULSATING IMPACT |
TRANSFER PROPERTIES LIQUID |
||||
|
GAS LOADED |
ISOLATED |
FLEXIBLE |
AIRBAG |
Good |
No |
Limited (480L or so) |
35Mpa |
No |
-10~+120℃ |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|
DIAPHRAGM |
Good |
No |
Limited (0.95~11.4L) |
7 Mpa |
No |
-10~+120℃ |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|||
|
STRAIGHT AIRBAG |
Excellent |
No |
Limited |
21 Mpa |
No |
-10~+120℃ |
No |
Excellent |
No |
|||
|
METAL BELLOWS |
Good |
No |
Limited |
21 Mpa |
No |
-50~+120℃ |
Yes |
Yes |
No |
|||
|
NON-FLEXIBLE |
PISTON |
Moderate |
Yes |
Optional larger capacity |
21 Mpa |
A few |
-50~+120℃ |
Yes |
not quite |
Yes |
||
|
DIFFERENTIAL PISTON |
Moderate |
Yes |
Optional larger capacity |
45 Mpa |
No |
-50~+120℃ |
Yes |
not quite |
No |
|||
|
NON- ISOLATED |
Good |
No |
Optional larger capacity |
5 Mpa |
Yes |
No restrictions |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
|||
|
GRAVITY-LOADED |
Poor |
Yes |
Optional larger capacity |
45 Mpa |
- |
-50~+120℃ |
Yes |
No |
No |
|||
|
SPRING-LOADED |
Poor |
Yes |
Limited |
1.2 Mpa |
- |
-50~+120℃ |
Yes |
not quite |
Yes |
|||
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Dongxu Hydraulic Machinery Co.,Ltd&Jiangsu Helike Fluid Technology Co., Ltd.
MAIL: Jaemo@fsdxyy.com
WEB: www.dxhydraulics.com
WHATSAPP/SKYPE/TEL/WECHAT: +86 139-2992-3909
ADD: No.11, Seven Road, Lianhe Industrial Park,Foshan City, Guangdong Province ,China, 528226
& No. 7 Xingye Road, Zhuxi Industrial Concentration Zone, Zhoutie Town, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, China
Post time: Feb-15-2023