mwatsatanetsatane
Poganizira zofunikira za kutentha kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, ukadaulo wosinthira kutentha kwa ma radiator oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya kuti uziziziritsa waphunziridwa mozama.Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo wa radiator woziziritsidwa ndi mpweya pakuziziritsa kwa chipangizo chamagetsi, kuyezetsa kwamatenthedwe a radiator woziziritsa mpweya wokhala ndi zida zosiyanasiyana kumachitika, ndipo pulogalamu yowerengera yoyeserera imagwiritsidwa ntchito potsimikiziranso.Potsirizira pake, pansi pa zotsatira zoyesa za kutentha komweko, makhalidwe a ma radiator oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya omwe ali ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana malinga ndi kutayika kwa mphamvu, kutayika kwa kutentha pa voliyumu ya unit, ndi kufanana kwa kutentha kwa malo opangira zida zamagetsi kunafanizidwa.Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zimapereka chidziwitso cha kapangidwe ka ma radiator oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya ofanana.
Mawu osakira:radiator;kuziziritsa mpweya;ntchito kutentha;kutentha kwapakati kachulukidwe
0 Mawu Oyamba
Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi cha sayansi yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi ukadaulo, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zamagetsi ndikokulirapo.Chomwe chimatsimikizira moyo wautumiki ndi machitidwe a zipangizo zamagetsi ndi ntchito ya chipangizocho, ndi kutentha kwa chipangizo chamagetsi, ndiko kuti, mphamvu yotumizira kutentha kwa radiator yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti iwononge kutentha kwa chipangizo chamagetsi.Pakalipano, mu zipangizo zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kosakwana 4 W / cm2, njira zambiri zoziziritsira mpweya zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.koziziritsira.
Zhang Liangjuan et al.anagwiritsa ntchito FloTHERM kuti azichita kuyerekezera kwa kutentha kwa ma modules oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, ndikutsimikizira kudalirika kwa zotsatira zofananira ndi zotsatira zoyesera zoyesera, ndikuyesa kutentha kwa kutentha kwa mbale zosiyanasiyana zozizira nthawi imodzi.
Yang Jingshan anasankha ma radiators atatu oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya (ndiko kuti, ma radiator owongoka, ma radiator amakona amakona odzazidwa ndi thovu lachitsulo, ndi ma radial fin radiators) ngati zinthu zofufuzira, ndipo adagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya CFD kupititsa patsogolo kutentha kwa ma radiator.Ndipo kukhathamiritsa ntchito zonse za kuyenda ndi kutentha kutengerapo.
Wang Changchang ndi ena ntchito kutentha dissipation kayeseleledwe mapulogalamu FLoTHERM kuyerekezera ndi kuwerengera kutentha dissipation ntchito ya rediyeta mpweya utakhazikika, pamodzi ndi deta experimental kusanthula kuyerekezera, ndipo anaphunzira chikoka cha magawo monga yozizira mphepo liwiro, kachulukidwe dzino ndi kutalika kwa ntchito yochotsa kutentha kwa radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya.
Shao Qiang et al.kusanthula mwachidule kuchuluka kwa mpweya wofunikira kuti muziziritsa mpweya mokakamiza potenga fanizo la radiator yamakona anayi;kutengera mawonekedwe a radiator ndi mfundo zamakina amadzimadzi, njira yoyezera kukana kwa mphepo yamkuntho yozizirira idachokera;Kuphatikizidwa ndi kusanthula kwachidule kwa mawonekedwe a PQ pamapindikira a fani, malo enieni ogwirira ntchito ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya wa fan amatha kupezeka mwachangu.
Pan Shujie anasankha rediyeta yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya kuti afufuze, ndipo anafotokoza mwachidule masitepe a kuwerengera kutentha kwa kutentha, kusankha kwa radiator, kuwerengera kutentha kwa mpweya wozizira ndi kusankha kwa mafani pamapangidwe a kutentha kwa kutentha, ndipo anamaliza mapangidwe osavuta opangidwa ndi mpweya wozizira.Pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya ICEPAK yoyezera kutentha, Liu Wei et al.adafufuza mofananiza njira ziwiri zochepetsera kulemera kwa ma radiator (kuwonjezera malo otalikirana ndi zipsepse ndi kuchepetsa kutalika kwa zipsepse).Pepalali likuwonetsa kapangidwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kochotsa kutentha kwa mbiri, dzino la spade ndi ma radiator oziziritsidwa ndi mbale-fin motsatana.
1 Kapangidwe ka radiator woziziritsidwa ndi mpweya
1.1 Ma radiator omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mpweya
Mpweya wokhazikika wokhazikika wa mpweya umapangidwa ndi zitsulo zopangira zitsulo, ndipo mpweya wozizira umayenda kudzera pa radiator kuti uwononge kutentha kwa chipangizo chamagetsi ku chilengedwe chamlengalenga.Pakati pa zipangizo zachitsulo zodziwika bwino, siliva imakhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba kwambiri a 420 W / m * K, koma ndi okwera mtengo;
Kutentha kotentha kwa mkuwa ndi 383 W / m · K, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mlingo wa siliva, koma teknoloji yopangira makina ndi yovuta, mtengo wake ndi wokwera komanso kulemera kwake kumakhala kolemetsa;
Thermal conductivity ya 6063 aluminium alloy ndi 201 W / m · K. Ndi yotsika mtengo, ili ndi makhalidwe abwino opangira, mankhwala osavuta pamwamba, ndi ntchito zotsika mtengo.
Chifukwa chake, zida zama radiators omwe ali ndi mpweya wokhazikika nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito aloyi ya aluminium iyi.Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa masiyimidwe awiri omwe amatenthedwa ndi mpweya wokhazikika.Njira zogwiritsiridwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zopangira ma radiator woziziritsidwa ndi mpweya zimaphatikizapo izi:
(1) Aluminiyamu aloyi kujambula ndi kupanga, kutentha kutengerapo m'dera pa voliyumu unit akhoza kufika pafupifupi 300 m.2/m3, ndi njira kuzirala ndi kuziziritsa mwachibadwa ndi mokakamiza mpweya wabwino kuzirala;
(2) Kutentha kwamadzi ndi gawo lapansi zimayikidwa palimodzi, ndipo kutentha kwakuya ndi gawo lapansi limatha kulumikizidwa ndi riveting, epoxy resin bonding, kuwotcherera kwa brazing, soldering ndi njira zina.Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu za gawo lapansi zimatha kukhala aloyi yamkuwa.Kutentha kutengera dera pa voliyumu ya unit kumatha kufika pafupifupi 500 m2/m3, ndipo njira zoziziritsa ndizoziziritsa zachilengedwe komanso kuziziritsa kwa mpweya wabwino;
(3) Fosholo dzino kupanga, mtundu uwu wa rediyeta akhoza kuthetsa kukana matenthedwe pakati kutentha lakuya ndi gawo lapansi, mtunda pakati pa lakuya kutentha kungakhale zosakwana 1.0 mm, ndi kutentha kutengerapo m'dera pa voliyumu unit akhoza kufika pafupifupi 2 500 m2/m3.Njira yopangira ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2, ndipo njira yozizirira imakakamizidwa kuziziritsa kwa mpweya.
Chithunzi 1. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi mpweya wozizira wozizira
Chithunzi 2. Processing njira fosholo dzino mpweya utakhazikika radiator
1.2 Plate-fin mpweya woziziritsidwa radiator
Radiyeta woziziritsidwa ndi mbale-fin ndi mtundu wa radiator woziziritsidwa ndi mpweya wokonzedwa ndi kuwomba kwa magawo angapo.Amapangidwa makamaka ndi magawo atatu monga sink ya kutentha, mbale ya nthiti ndi mbale yoyambira.Kapangidwe kake kakuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3. Zipsepse zoziziritsa zimatha kutenga zipsepse zosalala, zipsepse zamalata, zipsepse zoyenda ndi zina.Poganizira njira yowotcherera ya nthiti, zida za aluminiyamu 3 zimasankhidwa nthiti, zoyatsira kutentha ndi zoyambira kuti zitsimikizire kutsekemera kwa radiator yoziziritsa mpweya.Malo osinthira kutentha pagawo lililonse la radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya amatha kufika pafupifupi 650 m2/m3, ndipo njira zoziziritsira ndizoziziritsa mwachilengedwe komanso kuziziritsa kwa mpweya wokakamiza.
Chithunzi 3. Plate-fin air-utakhazikika radiator
2 Kutentha kwa ma radiator osiyanasiyana oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya v
2.1Nthawi zambiri ma radiators ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mpweya
2.1.1 Kutentha kwachilengedwe
Ma radiator omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mpweya amakhala ndi zida zamagetsi zoziziritsa mwachilengedwe, ndipo magwiridwe antchito awo amataya kutentha kwambiri amadalira makulidwe a zipsepse zoziziritsa kutentha, kutsika kwa zipsepse, kutalika kwa zipsepse, komanso kutalika kwa zipsepse zotaya kutentha. motsatira njira yoziziritsira mpweya.Chifukwa cha kutentha kwachilengedwe, malo akuluakulu omwe amatha kutentha kutentha amakhala abwino.Njira yolunjika kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kusiyana kwa zipsepsezo ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zipsepsezo, koma kusiyana pakati pa zipsepsezo kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kuti kukhudze malire amtundu wachilengedwe.Zigawo zamalire a makoma oyandikana ndi zipsepsezo zikangolumikizana, kuthamanga kwa mpweya pakati pa zipsepsezo kumatsika kwambiri, komanso kutulutsa kutentha kumatsikanso kwambiri.Kupyolera mu kayeseleledwe kayeseleledwe ndi kuyesa kuyesa kwa kutentha kwa rediyeta yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, pamene chipsepse cha kutentha kwa kutentha ndi 100 mm ndi kachulukidwe ka kutentha ndi 0.1 W/cm.2, Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa kusiyana kwa fin kukuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 4. Mtunda wabwino kwambiri wa filimu uli pafupi 8.0 mm.Ngati kutalika kwa zipsepse zoziziritsa kuchulukira, malo oyenera a zipsepsezo amakula.
Chithunzi 4.Mgwirizano pakati pa kutentha kwa gawo lapansi ndi kusiyana kwa zipsepse
2.1.2 Kuziziritsa kwa convection mokakamiza
Mapangidwe a radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya ndi kutalika kwa 98 mm, kutalika kwa mapiko 400 mm, makulidwe a 4 mm, kutalika kwa zipsepse 4 mm, ndi liwiro la mpweya wozizira wa 8 m / s.Radiyeta wozizidwa ndi mpweya wokhala ndi kutentha kwapakati pa 2.38 W/cm2anayesedwa kukwera kwa kutentha.Zotsatira zoyesa zikuwonetsa kuti kutentha kwa radiator ndi 45 K, kutaya kwa mpweya wozizira ndi 110 Pa, ndipo kutentha kwapakati pa voliyumu imodzi ndi 245 kW / m.3.Kuphatikiza apo, kufananiza kwa gawo loyikapo mphamvu kumakhala koyipa, ndipo kutentha kwake kumafika pafupifupi 10 ° C.Pakali pano, kuthetsa vutoli, mipope kutentha mkuwa nthawi zambiri m'manda pa unsembe pamwamba pa mpweya utakhazikika rediyeta, kuti kutentha kufanana kwa gawo mphamvu unsembe pamwamba akhoza kwambiri bwino malangizo a chitoliro kutentha atagona, ndi zotsatira zake si zoonekeratu mu njira ofukula.Ngati ukadaulo wa chipinda cha nthunzi ugwiritsidwa ntchito mu gawo lapansi, kutentha kwanthawi zonse kwa gawo loyikapo mphamvu kumatha kuwongoleredwa mkati mwa 3 ° C, komanso kukwera kwa kutentha kwa sinki ya kutentha kumatha kuchepetsedwa pang'ono.Gawo loyeserali likhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi 3 °C.
Pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowerengera yofananira yotenthetsera, pansi pazimenezi zakunja, kuwerengera kwa dzino lolunjika ndi zipsepse zoziziritsa zamalata kumachitika, ndipo zotsatira zake zikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 5. Kutentha kwa malo okwera a chipangizo chamagetsi ndi kuzizira kwa dzino lolunjika. zipsepse ndi 153.5 °C, ndipo zipsepse zoziziritsa zamalata ndi 133.5 °C.Chifukwa chake, kuziziritsa kwa radiator yamalata woziziritsidwa ndi mpweya ndikwabwino kuposa kwa radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi mano owongoka, koma kufanana kwa kutentha kwa matupi a zipsepse ziwirizi kumakhala kocheperako, komwe kumakhudza kwambiri kuzizira. wa radiator.
Chithunzi 5.Malo otentha a zipsepse zowongoka komanso zamalata
2.2 Plate-fin mpweya woziziritsidwa radiator
Mapangidwe a radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi mbale-fin ndi motere: kutalika kwa gawo la mpweya wabwino ndi 100 mm, kutalika kwa zipsepse ndi 240 mm, kusiyana pakati pa zipsepse ndi 4 mm, kuthamanga kwapakati pamutu. mpweya wozizira ndi 8 m / s, ndi kutentha kwa kutentha ndi 4.81 W / cm.2.Kutentha kwa kutentha ndi 45 ° C, kutaya kwa mpweya wozizira ndi 460 Pa, ndi kutentha kwa kutentha pa voliyumu imodzi ndi 374 kW / m.3.Poyerekeza ndi radiator ya malata yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, mphamvu yotulutsa kutentha pa voliyumu ya unit imawonjezeka ndi 52.7%, koma kutayika kwa mpweya kumakhalanso kwakukulu.
2.3 Radiyeta yoziziritsidwa ndi mano ya mano
Kuti mumvetse kutentha kwa radiator ya aluminiyamu-fosholo-dzino, kutalika kwake ndi 15 mm, kutalika kwake ndi 150 mm, makulidwe a mapiko ndi 1 mm, kusiyana kwa mapiko ndi 1 mm, ndi mpweya woziziritsa. liwiro ndi 5.4 m / s.Radiyeta yoziziritsidwa ndi fosholo yokhala ndi mpweya wokhala ndi kutentha kwapakati pa 2.7 W/cm2anayesedwa kukwera kwa kutentha.Zotsatira zoyesa zikuwonetsa kuti kutentha kwa radiator yamagetsi yokwera pamwamba ndi 74.2 ° C, kutentha kwa radiator ndi 44.8K, kutayika kwa mpweya wozizira ndi 460 Pa, ndipo kutentha kwapakati pa voliyumu iliyonse kumafika 4570 kW/m.3.
3 Mapeto
Kupyolera mu zotsatira za mayeso pamwambapa, mfundo zotsatirazi zikhoza kuganiziridwa.
(1) Kutha kwa kuziziritsa kwa radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya amasanjidwa mokwera ndi kutsika: radiator yozizidwa ndi mpweya woziziritsidwa ndi fosholo, radiator yoziziritsa mpweya, radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi malata, ndi radiator ya mano owongoka yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya.
(2) Kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa zipsepse za radiator yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya ndi rediyeta yoziziritsidwa ndi mano owongoka kumakhala kwakukulu, komwe kumakhudza kwambiri kuziziritsa kwa radiator.
(3) Radiyeta yachilengedwe yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya imakhala ndi malo abwino kwambiri, omwe amatha kupezeka poyesera kapena kuwerengera mwamalingaliro.
(4) Chifukwa cha kuzizira kwamphamvu kwa rediyeta yoziziritsidwa ndi fosholo-dzino, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagetsi zokhala ndi kutentha kwanthawi yayitali.
Gwero: Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Technology Volume 50 Nkhani 06
Olemba: Sun Yuanbang, Li Feng, Wei Zhiyu, Kong Lijun, Wang Bo, CRRC Dalian Locomotive Research Institute Co., Ltd.
chodzikanira
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