abstract
Ngokujoliswe kwiimfuno zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu zamandla ombane we-elektroniki, iteknoloji yokutshintsha ubushushu beeradiyetha ezipholileyo zomoya ukuze zizipholise zifundwe nzulu.Ngokweempawu zesakhiwo kunye neemfuno zobugcisa be-radiator epholileyo yomoya yokupholisa isixhobo samandla, iimvavanyo zentsebenzo ye-thermal ye-radiator epholileyo yomoya enezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zenziwa, kwaye isofthiwe yokubala yokulinganisa isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekiswa kokuncedisa.Ekugqibeleni, phantsi kweziphumo zovavanyo ezifanayo zokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, iimpawu zeeradiyetha ezipholileyo zomoya ezinezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo ngokubhekiselele ekulahlekeni koxinzelelo, ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu ngomthamo weyunithi, kunye nokufana kweqondo lokushisa kweendawo zokunyuka kwezixhobo zamandla zathelekiswa.Iziphumo zophando zibonelela ngereferensi yoyilo lweeradiyetha ezipholileyo zomoya ezifanayo.
Amagama angundoqo:irediyetha;ukupholisa umoya;ukusebenza kwe-thermal;ukuxinana kobushushu
0 Intshayelelo
Ngophuhliso lwezenzululwazi lwenzululwazi yombane we-elektroniki kunye nobuchwepheshe, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zamandla ombane wombane kubanzi ngakumbi.Yintoni emisela ubomi benkonzo kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane kukusebenza kwesixhobo ngokwaso, kunye nobushushu bokusebenza kwesixhobo sombane, oko kukuthi, amandla okuhambisa ubushushu beradiyetha esetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa ubushushu kwisixhobo sombane.Okwangoku, kumandla wezixhobo zombane kunye noxinzelelo lobushushu obungaphantsi kwe-4 W / cm2, uninzi lweenkqubo zokupholisa umoya ezipholileyo zisetyenziswa.isinki yobushushu.
UZhang Liangjuan et al.isetyenzisiwe i-FloTHERM ukwenza ukulinganisa okushushu kweemodyuli ezipholileyo zomoya, kwaye yaqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweziphumo zokulinganisa kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lovavanyo, kwaye yavavanya ukusebenza kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwamacwecwe ahlukeneyo abandayo ngexesha elinye.
UYang Jingshan ukhethe iiradiyetha ezintathu eziqhelekileyo ezipholileyo zomoya (oko kukuthi, iiradiyetha ezithe tye, iiradiyetha zetshaneli ezixande ezizaliswe ngamagwebu esinyithi, kunye neeradial fin radiators) njengezinto zophando, kwaye wasebenzisa isoftware yeCFD ukomeleza amandla okuhambisa ubushushu kwiiradiyetha.Kwaye ukwandise ukusebenza okubanzi kokuhamba kunye nokudluliselwa kobushushu.
UWang Changchang kunye nabanye basebenzisa isoftware yokulinganisa ubushushu bokulinganisa iFLoTHERM ukulinganisa nokubala ukusebenza kobushushu beradiyetha epholileyo yomoya, idityaniswe nedatha yovavanyo yohlalutyo lothelekiso, kwaye yafunda impembelelo yeeparamitha ezinje ngesantya somoya sokupholisa, ukuxinana kwamazinyo kunye ukuphakama kwintsebenzo yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu be-radiator epholileyo emoyeni.
UShao Qiang et al.uhlalutye ngokufutshane umthamo womoya wesalathiso ofunekayo ukupholisa umoya ngenkani ngokuthatha iradiyetha ephothiweyo exande njengomzekelo;ngokusekelwe kwindlela yesakhiwo se-radiator kunye nemigaqo ye-fluid mechanics, i-formula yoqikelelo lokumelana nomoya we-air duct yokupholisa yafunyanwa;kudityaniswe nohlalutyo olufutshane lwe-PQ ye-curve ye-fan, indawo yokusebenza yangempela kunye nomthamo womoya womoya we-fan unokufumaneka ngokukhawuleza.
U-Pan Shujie wakhetha i-radiator epholileyo emoyeni yophando, kwaye wachaza ngokufutshane amanyathelo okubala ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ukhetho lwe-radiator, ukubalwa kwe-radiator yokupholisa umoya kunye nokukhethwa kwefeni kwi-design yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, kwaye igqibe ukuyila okulula kwe-radiator.Ukusebenzisa i-ICEPAK isofthiwe yokulinganisa i-thermal, uLiu Wei et al.iqhube uhlalutyo oluthelekisayo lweendlela ezimbini zokuyila zokunciphisa ubunzima kwiiradiyetha (ukwandisa isithuba se-fin kunye nokunciphisa ubude bee-fin).Eli phepha lazisa ubume kunye nokusebenza kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu beprofayili, izinyo lomhlakulo kunye ne-plate-fin air-cooled radiators ngokulandelanayo.
1 Isakhiwo seradiyetha epholileyo emoyeni
1.1 Iiradiyetha ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo emoyeni
I-radiator ye-air-cooled ye-radiator yenziwa ngokucutshungulwa kwesinyithi, kwaye umoya opholileyo uhamba nge-radiator ukuze uchithe ukushisa kwesixhobo sombane kwindawo ye-atmospheric.Phakathi kwezinto eziqhelekileyo zetsimbi, isilivere ine-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal ye-420 W / m * K, kodwa iyabiza;
I-conductivity ye-thermal yobhedu yi-383 W / m· K, ephantse isondele kwinqanaba lesilivere, kodwa iteknoloji yokucubungula iyinkimbinkimbi, ixabiso liphezulu kwaye ubunzima bunzima;
I-thermal conductivity ye-6063 ye-aluminium alloy yi-201 W / m· K. Ixabiso eliphantsi, lineempawu zokucubungula ezilungileyo, unyango olulula lomphezulu, kunye nokusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu.
Ngoko ke, izinto eziphathekayo zangoku ze-radiator ezipholileyo zomoya ngokubanzi zisebenzisa le ngxube ye-aluminium.Umzobo we-1 ubonisa iisinki ezimbini zokushisa ezipholileyo zomoya.Iindlela zokusetyenzwa kweradiyetha ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:
(1) Umzobo we-aluminium wealloyi kunye nokwenza, indawo yokuhambisa ubushushu ngeyunithi nganye inokufikelela malunga ne-300 m.2/m3, kunye neendlela zokupholisa kukupholisa kwendalo kunye nokupholisa umoya ngenkani;
(2) I-heat sink kunye ne-substrate ifakwe kunye, kwaye i-heat sink kunye ne-substrate inokudibaniswa ne-riveting, i-epoxy resin bonding, i-brazing welding, i-soldering kunye nezinye iinkqubo.Ukongezelela, izinto eziphathekayo ze-substrate nazo zinokuba yi-alloy yobhedu.Indawo yokudlulisa ubushushu ngeyunithi nganye inokufikelela malunga ne-500 m2 / m3, kwaye iindlela zokupholisa ziyindalo yokupholisa kunye nokupholisa umoya ngenkani;
(3) Ukubumba izinyo lomhlakulo, olu hlobo lweradiyetha lunokuphelisa ukuxhathisa kwe-thermal phakathi kwe-thermal sink kunye ne-substrate, umgama phakathi kwe-sink yokushisa unokuba ngaphantsi kwe-1.0 mm, kunye nendawo yokudlulisa ubushushu ngeyunithi nganye umthamo unokufikelela malunga ne-2 500 m2/m3.Indlela yokucubungula iboniswe kuMfanekiso 2, kwaye indlela yokupholisa iphoqelelwe ukupholisa umoya.
Umfanekiso we-1
Umzobo 2. Indlela yokwenziwa kweradiyetha yezinyo lomhlakulo elipholiswe ngumoya
1.2 Iradiyetha epholiswe ngePlati-fin yomoya
I-radiator ye-plate-fin air-cooled radiator luhlobo lwe-radiator epholileyo yomoya ecutshungulwa ngokugqithwa kwamacandelo amaninzi.Ikakhulu iqulunqwe ngamalungu amathathu afana ne-heat sink, i-rib plate kunye ne-base plate.Ubume bayo buboniswe kuMzobo 3. Amaphiko okupholisa angamkela iifins ezisicaba, iifins ezicatshuliweyo, iifins ezigxadazayo kunye nezinye izakhiwo.Ukuqwalasela inkqubo ye-welding yeembambo, izinto ezi-3 ze-aluminium ezikhethiweyo zikhethwa kwiimbambo, i-heat sinks kunye neziseko zokuqinisekisa ukuxhamla kwe-radiator epholileyo yomoya we-plate-fin.Indawo yokutshintsha ubushushu ngeyunithi nganye umthamo weplate-fin air-cooled radiator inokufikelela malunga ne-650 m2/m3, kwaye iindlela zokupholisa kukupholisa kwendalo kunye nokupholisa umoya ngenkani.
Umzobo 3. Iradiyetha epholileyo yomoya wePlate-fin
2 ukusebenza Thermal ezahlukeneyo radiatorsv umoya-upholile
2.1Ngokuqhelekileyo iprofayili epholileyo yeradiyetha esetyenzisiweyo
2.1.1 Ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bendalo
Iiradiyetha ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo emoyeni ezipholileyo ikakhulu zizipholisa izixhobo zombane ngokupholisa kwendalo, kunye nokusebenza kwazo kokutshabalalisa ubushushu ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bamaphiko okuchitha ubushushu, isandi samaphiko, ubude bamaphiko, kunye nobude bamaphiko okuphelisa ubushushu. ecaleni kwendlela yokupholisa umoya.Ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bendalo, inkulu indawo esebenzayo yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ingcono.Eyona ndlela ichanekileyo kukunciphisa isithuba se-fin kunye nokwandisa inani lamaphiko, kodwa isithuba phakathi kwamaphiko sincinci ngokwaneleyo ukuchaphazela umda womda we-convection yendalo.Nje ukuba iileyile zomda weendonga ezikufutshane zihlangane, isantya somoya phakathi kwamaphiko siya kuhla ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umphumo wokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu nawo uya kuhla ngokukhawuleza.Ngokulinganisa ukulinganisa kunye nokufunyanwa kovavanyo lwentsebenzo ye-thermal ye-radiator epholileyo yomoya, xa ubude be-fin dissipation buyi-100 mm kunye noxinzelelo lwe-heat flux yi-0.1 W / cm.2, Impembelelo yokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bezithuba ezahlukeneyo ze-fin iboniswe kuMfanekiso 4. Umgama wefilimu ongcono kakhulu malunga ne-8.0 mm.Ukuba ubude bamaphiko okupholisa buyanda, isithuba esifanelekileyo samaphiko siya kuba sikhulu.
Isazobe.4.Ubudlelwane phakathi kobushushu be-substrate kunye nesithuba se-fin
2.1.2 Ukupholisa ukuhambisa ngenkani
Iiparamitha zesakhiwo seradiyetha epholileyo yomoya bubude obungama-98 mm, ubude befin yi-400 mm, ubukhulu befin yi-4 mm, isithuba se-fin yi-4 mm, kunye nesantya somoya opholileyo yi-8 m/s.Irediyetha epholileyo yomoya enobushushu obuyi-2.38 W/cm.2ifakwe kuvavanyo lokunyuka kobushushu.Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwe-radiator yi-45 K, ilahleko yoxinzelelo lomoya opholileyo yi-110 Pa, kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwiyunithi nganye yi-245 kW / m.3.Ukongeza, ukufana kwecandelo lamandla okuxhoma umphezulu kubi, kwaye umahluko wobushushu ufikelela malunga ne-10 °C.Okwangoku, ukusombulula le ngxaki, imibhobho yobushushu bobhedu idla ngokungcwatywa kumphezulu wofakelo lweradiyetha epholileyo emoyeni, ukuze ukufana kobushushu bomgangatho wofakelo lwamandla kunokuphuculwa kakhulu kwicala lokubekwa kombhobho wobushushu, kwaye umphumo awubonakali kwicala elithe nkqo.Ukuba ithekhnoloji yegumbi lomphunga isetyenziswa kwi-substrate, ukufana kweqondo lobushushu ngokubanzi lecandelo lamandla elinyukayo kumphezulu kunokulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-3 °C, kunye nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu besinki yobushushu nako kunokwehliswa ukuya kumlinganiselo othile.Esi siqwengana sovavanyo sinokuncitshiswa malunga ne-3 °C.
Ukusebenzisa i-software yokubala yokulinganisa i-thermal, phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zangaphandle, ukubalwa kokulinganisa kwezinyo elithe ngqo kunye ne-corrugated fins yokupholisa iyenziwa, kwaye iziphumo ziboniswa kuMfanekiso 5. Ubushushu bomgangatho onyukayo wesixhobo samandla kunye nokupholisa izinyo elithe ngqo. amaphiko yi-153.5 °C, kwaye lawo amaphiko okupholisa amazinki yi-133.5 °C.Ke ngoko, umthamo wokupholisa weradiyetha epholileyo yomoya ungcono kunalowo weradiyetha enezinyo ezithe tye, kodwa ukufana kwamaqondo obushushu bemizimba emibini kumbi kakhulu, enempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kokupholisa. kwiradiyetha.
Umfanekiso wesi-5.Iqondo lobushushu lentsimi yeefins ezithe tye kunye namacangci
2.2 Iradiyetha epholiswe ngePlati-fin yomoya
Iiparameters zesakhiwo se-radiator epholileyo ye-plate-fin yile ilandelayo: ukuphakama kwendawo yokuphuphuma umoya yi-100 mm, ubude bamaphiko bu-240 mm, isithuba phakathi kwe-fins yi-4 mm, i-head-on flow velocity. Umoya opholileyo yi-8 m/s, kwaye ubushushu bobushushu yi-4.81 W/cm.2.Ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa ngu-45 ° C, ilahleko yoxinzelelo lomoya opholileyo yi-460 Pa, kwaye ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwiyunithi nganye yi-374 kW / m.3.Xa kuthelekiswa ne-radiator epholileyo yomoya, umthamo wokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu kwiyunithi nganye unyuswe ngama-52.7%, kodwa ilahleko yoxinzelelo lomoya nayo inkulu.
2.3 Izinyo lomhlakulo elinerediyetha ezipholiswe ngumoya
Ukuze uqonde ukusebenza okushushu kweradiyetha yomhlakulo we-aluminium, ubude be-fin yi-15 mm, ubude be-fin yi-150 mm, ubukhulu be-fin yi-1 mm, isithuba se-fin yi-1 mm, kunye nomoya opholileyo. isantya yi-5.4 m/s.Iradiyetha yomhlakulo-izinyo epholise umoya kunye noxinzelelo lobushushu obuyi-2.7 W/cm2ifakwe kuvavanyo lokunyuka kobushushu.Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba iqondo lobushushu le-radiator yamandla e-radiator yi-74.2 ° C, ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwe-radiator yi-44.8K, ilahleko yoxinzelelo lomoya opholileyo yi-460 Pa, kunye nokuchithwa kobushushu kwiyunithi nganye kufikelela kwi-4570 kW / m.3.
3 Isiphelo
Ngokusebenzisa ezi ziphumo zovavanyo zingentla, ezi zigqibo zilandelayo zinokufikelelwa.
(1) Umthamo wokupholisa weradiyetha epholileyo emoyeni uhlelwa ngokophezulu naphantsi: iradiyetha yomhlakulo-izinyo ezipholise umoya, iradiyetha ephole ngeplate-fin, iradiyetha epholileyo yomoya, kunye neradiyetha enamazinyo athe ngqo.
(2) Umahluko weqondo lobushushu phakathi kwamaphiko kwiradiyetha epholileyo yomoya kunye neradiyetha enamazinyo athe ngqo epholisa umoya mkhulu ngokwentelekiso, enempembelelo enkulu kumthamo wokupholisa weradiyetha.
(3) Iradiyetha yendalo epholileyo ngomoya inesona sithuba singcono, esinokufunyanwa ngovavanyo okanye ngokubala kwethiyori.
4
Umthombo: Ubunjineli boBuchwephesha boBuchwephesha kunye noMbane uMqulu 50 umba we-06
Ababhali: Sun Yuanbang, Li Feng, Wei Zhiyu, Kong Lijun, Wang Bo, CRRC Dalian Locomotive Research Institute Co., Ltd.
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