abstract
Tichitarisa pane zvinodikanwa zvekubvisa kupisa kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, tekinoroji yekutsinhana kwemhepo-yakatonhodzwa radiators yekutonhodza yakadzidzwa zvakadzama.Zvinoenderana nehunhu hwemaitiro uye tekinoroji zvinodiwa zvemhepo-yakatonhodzwa radiator yemagetsi mudziyo kutonhora, iyo yekupisa bvunzo yekudziya yemhepo-yakatonhodzwa radiator ine akasiyana zvimiro inoitwa, uye simulation calculation software inoshandiswa kusimbisa yebetsero.Chekupedzisira, pasi peyeyetembiricha yekukwira bvunzo mhinduro, hunhu hwemhepo-yakatonhodzwa radiator ine zvimiro zvakasiyana maererano nekudzikira kurasikirwa, kupisa kupisa pachiyero cheyuniti, uye kuenzana kwekushisa kwesimba rinosungirirwa nzvimbo dzakaenzaniswa.Mhedzisiro yetsvagiridzo inopa chirevo chekugadzirwa kwezvakafanana zvimiro zvemhepo-yakatonhorera radiators.
Keywords:radiator;kutonhora kwemhepo;thermal performance;kupisa kunopisa density
0 Preface
Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi kwesainzi yemagetsi emagetsi sainzi uye tekinoroji, kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi kwakawedzera.Chii chinotarisa hupenyu hwebasa uye kushanda kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi ndiko kushanda kwechigadzirwa chacho pachacho, uye kupisa kwekushanda kwechigadzirwa chemagetsi, ndiko kuti, simba rekufambisa kupisa kweradiator rinoshandiswa kubvisa kupisa kubva pamagetsi.Parizvino, mumagetsi emagetsi emagetsi ane kupisa kunopisa density isingasviki 4 W / cm2, mazhinji emhepo-yakatonhorera inotonhorera masisitimu anoshandiswa.kupisa singi.
Zhang Liangjuan et al.yakashandisa FloTHERM kuitisa thermal simulation yeair-cooled modules, uye yakasimbisa kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro yekuenzanisa nemhedzisiro yekuedza bvunzo, uye yakaedza kupisa kupisa kwekuita kweakasiyana mahwendefa anotonhora panguva imwe chete.
Yang Jingshan akasarudza matatu akajairwa nemhepo-akatonhodzwa marayadhiya (kureva, akatwasuka fin radiators, rectangular chiteshi radiators akazadzwa nesimbi furo, uye radial fin radiators) sezvinhu zvekutsvagisa, uye akashandisa CFD software kusimudzira kupisa kwekupisa kwemaredhiya.Uye wedzera kushanda kwakazara kwekuyerera uye kutamisa kupisa.
Wang Changchang nevamwe vakashandisa kupisa kwekupisa simulation software FLoTHERM kutevedzera uye kuverenga mabatirwo ekupisa kwemhepo yakatonhodzwa radiator, yakasanganiswa neyekuyedza data yekuenzanisa ongororo, uye vakadzidza pesvedzero yemaparamita akadai sekutonhora kwemhepo kumhanya, mazino uye density. kureba pamusoro pekushanda kwekupisa kwekupisa kwemhepo inotonhorera radiator.
Shao Qiang et al.akaongorora muchidimbu referensi mhepo vhoriyamu inodiwa kumanikidzirwa kutonhora kwemhepo nekutora rectangular finned radiator semuenzaniso;zvichibva pachimiro chechimiro che radiator uye nheyo dzemvura mechanics, mhepo inopikisa kufungidzira formula yemhepo inotonhora yemhepo yakatorwa;yakasanganiswa nekuongorora kupfupi kwePQ hunhu curve ye fan, iyo chaiyo yekushanda nzvimbo uye yemhepo yemhepo vhoriyamu ye fan inogona kukurumidza kuwanikwa.
Pan Shujie akasarudza mhepo inotonhorera radiator yekutsvakurudza, uye akatsanangura muchidimbu matanho ekuverenga kupisa kupisa, kusarudzwa kweradiyeta, mhepo-yakatonhodzwa kupisa kupisa kuverenga uye kusarudzwa kwefeni mukugadzira kupisa kwekupisa, uye akapedzisa dhizaini yakapfava yemhepo.Uchishandisa ICEPAK thermal simulation software, Liu Wei et al.yakaita ongororo yekuenzanisa yenzira mbiri dzekudzikisa uremu dzema radiator (kuwedzera fin spacing uye kuderedza kureba kwefin).Iri bepa rinosuma chimiro uye kupisa kupisa kuita kweprofile, spade zino uye ndiro-fin air-yakatonhorera radiators zvichiteerana.
1 Air-yakatonhorera radiator chimiro
1.1 Inowanzo shandiswa mhepo-yakatonhorera radiators
Iyo yakajairika air-yakatonhorera radiator inoumbwa nesimbi kugadzirisa, uye mhepo inotonhorera inoyerera kuburikidza neradiator kuti iparadze kupisa kwechigadzirwa chemagetsi kunharaunda yemhepo.Pakati pezvinhu zvakajairika zvesimbi, sirivha ine yakanyanya kupisa conductivity ye420 W / m * K, asi inodhura;
Thermal conductivity yemhangura ndeye 383 W / m · K, iyo inenge iri pedyo nechiyero chesirivha, asi teknolojia yekugadzira yakaoma, mutengo wakakwirira uye uremu hunorema;
Thermal conductivity ye6063 aluminium alloy ndeye 201 W/m· K. Yakachipa, ine maitiro akanaka ekugadzirisa, kurapwa kuri nyore kwepamusoro, uye kudhura kwekuita.
Naizvozvo, zvinhu zveazvino mainstream air-yakatonhorera radiators anowanzo shandisa iyi aluminium alloy.Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza maviri akajairwa mhepo-yakatonhorera kupisa sinks.Inowanzo shandiswa mhepo-yakatonhorera radiator yekugadzirisa nzira dzinosanganisira dzinotevera:
(1) Aluminium alloy kudhirowa uye kugadzira, nzvimbo yekupisa yekupisa pavhoriyamu yevhoriyamu inogona kusvika anenge 300 m.2/m3, uye nzira dzekutonhodza ndedzokutonhodza kwechisikigo uye kumanikidza kufefetera kutonhora;
(2) Iyo yekupisa inonyura uye substrate yakabatanidzwa pamwe chete, uye kupisa kunyura uye substrate inogona kubatanidzwa ne riveting, epoxy resin bonding, brazing welding, soldering uye mamwe maitiro.Mukuwedzera, zvinhu zve substrate zvinogonawo kuva copper alloy.Nzvimbo yekupisa yekupisa pavhoriyamu yevhoriyamu inogona kusvika 500 m2/m3, uye nzira dzekutonhodza ndedzechisikigo kutonhora uye kumanikidzirwa kutonhora kwemhepo;
(3) Kugadzira zino refoshoro, rudzi urwu rweradiator runogona kubvisa kupisa kwekupisa pakati pekupisa kunyura uye substrate, chinhambwe chiri pakati pekunyura chinopisa chinogona kunge chiri pasi pe1.0 mm, uye nzvimbo yekupisa yekupisa pavhoriyamu inogona kusvika 2 500. m2/m3.Nzira yekugadzirisa inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2, uye nzira yekutonhora inomanikidzirwa kutonhora kwemhepo.
Fig. 1. Inowanzo shandiswa mhepo-yakatonhorera kupisa sink
Fig. 2. Kugadzirisa nzira yefoshoro zino air-yakatonhorera radiator
1.2 Plate-fin air-yakatonhorera radiator
Iyo plate-fin air-yakatonhorera radiator imhando yemhepo-yakatonhorera radiator inogadziriswa nekubhuroka kwezvikamu zvakawanda.Iyo inonyanya kuumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu senge heat sink, rib plate uye base plate.Chimiro chayo chinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 3. Zvimbi zvinotonhora zvinogona kutora zvimbi zvakatsetseka, zvimbi zvekorota, zvimbi zvakadzika uye zvimwe zvimiro.Tichifunga nezve welding yembabvu, 3 akateedzana aruminiyamu zvinhu zvinosarudzirwa mbabvu, kupisa kunonyura uye zvigadziko kuti ive nechokwadi cheveldability yeplate-fin air-yakatonhorera radiator.Nzvimbo yekupisa yekupisa pachiyero cheyuniti yeplate-fin air-yakatonhorera radiator inogona kusvika kusvika 650 m2/m3, uye nzira dzekutonhodza ndedzechisikigo kutonhora uye kumanikidza kufefetera kutonhora.
Mufananidzo 3. Plate-fin air-cooled radiator
2 Kupisa kwekuita kweakasiyana mhepo-yakatonhorera radiatorsv
2.1Kazhinji yakashandiswa profile air-yakatonhorera radiators
2.1.1 Kubvisa kupisa kwepanyama
Anowanzo shandiswa mhepo-yakatonhodzwa ma radiators anonyanya kutonhorera emagetsi emagetsi nekutonhodzwa kwechisikigo, uye kushanda kwawo kwekupisa kupisa kunonyanya kuenderana nekukora kwezvimbi zvekubvisa kupisa, kukwirira kwezvimbi, kureba kwezvimbi, uye kureba kwemafins ekupisa. parutivi rwekuyerera kwemhepo inotonhorera.Nokuda kwekupisa kwechisikigo, iyo yakakura iyo inoshanda yekupisa kupisa nzvimbo, zviri nani.Nzira yakanyatsonanga ndeyekudzikisa nzvimbo yefin uye kuwedzera huwandu hwezvimbi, asi mukaha pakati pezvimbi idiki zvekukanganisa muganhu wekutenderera kwechisikigo.Kamwe chete mitsara yemadziro epadhuze pefin madziro asangana, kumhanya kwemhepo pakati pezvimbi kunodonha zvakanyanya, uye kupisa kwekupisa kunodonha zvakanyanya.Kuburikidza nekuenzanisa kuverenga uye kuongororwa kwekuedza kwekushanda kwekupisa kwemhepo-yakatonhodzwa radiator, apo kupisa kwekupisa kwefin kureba kuri 100 mm uye kupisa kwemhepo kunosvika 0.1 W/cm.2, iyo inopisa kupisa mhedzisiro yekusiyana kwefin spacing inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 4. Iyo yakanakisa firimu kureba ndeye 8.0 mm.Kana kureba kwezvimbi zvekutonhodza kuchiwedzera, iyo optimal fin spacing inova yakakura.
Fig.4.Hukama pakati pe substrate tembiricha uye fin spacing
2.1.2 Kutonhodzwa kwe convection
Zvimiro zvemarata ane corrugated air-yakatonhodzwa radiator ari fin kureba 98 mm, fin kureba 400 mm, fin ukobvu 4 mm, fin spacing 4 mm, uye inotonhorera mhepo musoro-pavelocity 8 m/s.Radiyeta yakanyoroveswa nemhepo ine kupisa kunoyerera kwe2.38 W/cm.2yakaitwa bvunzo yekukwira kwetembiricha.Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo inoratidza kuti tembiricha yekukwira kweradiator i45 K, kupera simba kwemhepo inotonhorera i110 Pa, uye kupisa kwekupisa pachiyero cheyuniti i245 kW/m.3.Pamusoro pezvo, kufanana kwechikamu chesimba chinokwira kumusoro kwakashata, uye kusiyana kwayo kwekushisa kunosvika pa10 °C.Parizvino, kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, pombi dzemhangura dzinopisa dzinowanzovigwa pamusoro pekugadzika kweiyo air-yakatonhorera radiator, kuitira kuti kutaridzika kwekushisa kwechikamu chesimba chekuisa nzvimbo kunogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya munzira yekuisa pombi yekupisa, uye mhedzisiro yacho haisi pachena munzira yakatwasuka.Kana tekinoroji yekamuri yevapor ikashandiswa muiyo substrate, iyo yakazara tembiricha kufanana kwesimba rinosungirirwa nzvimbo inogona kudzorwa mukati me3 ° C, uye kukwira kwekushisa kwekunyura kwekupisa kunogonawo kudzikiswa kusvika kumwero wakati.Ichi chidimbu chekuyedza chinogona kudzikiswa neinenge 3 °C.
Kushandisa thermal simulation calculation software, pasi pemamiriro akafanana ekunze, iyo yekufananidza kuverenga yezino rakananga uye corrugated cooling fins inoitwa, uye mhedzisiro inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 5. Kupisa kwenzvimbo inokwirisa yechigadzirwa chemagetsi chine kutonhora kwemazino akatwasuka. zvimbi zvinosvika 153.5 °C, uye izvo zvemarata ekutonhodza zvimbi i133.5 °C.Naizvozvo, kutonhora kweiyo corrugated air-yakatonhorera radiator iri nani pane iyo yakatwasuka-mazino air-yakatonhodzwa radiator, asi tembiricha yakafanana yemiviri miviri yezvipenyu ishoma, iyo ine simba guru pakuita kutonhora. ye radiator.
Fig.5.Tembiricha munda wezvakatwasuka uye makora zvimbi
2.2 Plate-fin air-yakatonhorera radiator
Izvo zvigadziro zveplate-fin air-yakatonhorera radiator ndeaya anotevera: kureba kwechikamu chekufefetera i100 mm, kureba kwezvimbi ndeye 240 mm, nzvimbo pakati pezvimbi ndeye 4 mm, iyo musoro-pakuyerera kwevelocity. yemhepo inotonhorera ndeye 8 m/s, uye kupisa kwemhepo density i4.81 W/cm.2.Tembiricha inokwira i45 ° C, kutonhora kwemhepo inotonhora kurasikirwa i460 Pa, uye kupisa kwekupisa pachiyero cheyuniti i374 kW/m.3.Kana ichienzaniswa nekoroti yemhepo-yakatonhorera radiator, kupisa kwekupisa simba pachiyero cheyuniti kunowedzerwa ne52.7%, asi kurasikirwa kwemhepo kwakakura zvakare.
2.3 Foshoro zino rakanyoroveswa nemhepo radiator
Kuti unzwisise kushanda kwekupisa kwealuminium foshoro-zino radiator, kureba kwekupedzisira i15 mm, kureba kwefin i150 mm, ukobvu hwefin i1 mm, nzvimbo yefin i1 mm, uye mhepo inotonhorera iri pamusoro. velocity ndeye 5.4 m / s.Foshoro-zino redhiyata yakatonhodzwa nemhepo ine kupisa kunoyerera kwe2.7 W/cm2yakaitwa bvunzo yekukwira kwetembiricha.Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo inoratidza kuti tembiricha yeradiyeta simba rinokwira kumusoro i74.2 ° C, tembiricha yekukwira kweradiator i44.8K, kutonhora kwemhepo inotonhora kurasikirwa i460 Pa, uye kupisa kwekupisa pachiyero cheyuniti kunosvika 4570 kW/m.3.
3 Mhedziso
Kuburikidza nemhedzisiro yebvunzo iri pamusoro, mhedzisiro inotevera inogona kutorwa.
(1) Kutonhodza kweradiator yakatonhodzwa nemhepo inorongwa nepamusoro uye pasi: foshoro-zino remhepo-yakatonhorera radiator, ndiro-fin air-yakatonhodzwa radiator, marata akatonhodzwa mhepo radiator, uye yakatwasuka-mazino air-yakatonhorera radiator.
(2) Musiyano wetembiricha uripo pakati pezvimbi mune makora emhepo-yakatonhodzwa radiator uye yakatwasuka-mazino air-yakatonhodzwa radiator yakakura, ine simba guru pakutonhodza kweredhiyata.
(3) Iyo yakasikwa mhepo-yakatonhorera radiator ine yakanakisa fin spacing, iyo inogona kuwanikwa nekuyedza kana theoretical kuverenga.
(4) Nekuda kwekutonhora kwakasimba kwefoshoro-zino air-yakatonhorera radiator, inogona kushandiswa mumidziyo yemagetsi ine yakakwirira yemuno kupisa flux density.
Kwakabva: Mechanical uye Electrical Engineering Technology Vhoriyamu 50 Nyaya 06
Vanyori: Sun Yuanbang, Li Feng, Wei Zhiyu, Kong Lijun, Wang Bo, CRRC Dalian Locomotive Research Institute Co., Ltd.
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